Thursday, 17 December 2015
Wednesday, 16 December 2015
Section 3 video guide conclusion
In early cinema editing developed and influenced the modern because continuity has become the most dominant one out of montage and continuity.
There is a huge difference between Continuity and montage, because continuity is more a like a mainstream of normality, it focuses on the drama and the story along with other things such as time and space, closed ending, therefore the film could be straight forward with a beginning middle and end and the audience will know that the movie has finished, using continuity editing by telling a linear narrative such as horror/thriller and above all this it doesn't make the audience think.
Montage is an alternative way that will make the audience think and become confused because it is deliberately breaking continuity with jump cuts to show supernatural actions, along with flashbacks, open endings, therefore the film will end in a cliff hanger and the audience won't know if the film has ended therefore it leaves the audience unsatisfied, it's more challenging to follow and it's all done for an artistic reason, to create emotions.
This all started because there was a war between the USR and USA which was being represented by Griffith and Eisenstein. Now today continuity is being used more because the audience doesn't always want to think, they would want to enjoy the movie alone, however there is a some sign on montage to make the film interesting and exciting.
Continuity is still used today in movies such as 180 degree rule, match on action, shot reverse shot, point of view shots, cutaways, seamless editing, motivated shot and cross cutting but the edits are invisible. In the movie ride along in the scene where Kevin Hart got shot there is 180 degree rules used at 1.47 to show that the two characters are having a conversation. You will see this example below.
Montage and discontinuity techniques developed from early to modern to challenge continuity because it all started with Griffith. Griffith always wanted to be a writer and after Porter hired him to be one of his actors for his film Griffith submitted his script to porter in 1908, however Porter rejected it because it would of taken a good amount of time to do and it would of need a lot resources. On the other hand Edison took in Griffiths as one of his actors. Then further on in time he became a director and directed a film called 'Birth of nations'
Griffith is the person who discovered continuity. Griffith discovered the 18- degree rule by a trial an error and with every other technique of continuity he discovered through a trial and error and then found out which scenes it would go well with. He used close ups and other different type of shots, also cross-cutting. In a film he produced called 'The lonely Villa' in 1909 he used tension; built up the tension by increasing the tempo of the cuts up to the climax. Griffith was remembered by the discovery of continuity, however he wasn't remembered by the discovery of increasing the pace to create climax (pace of editing) You will see an example of this below. Continuity was mainstream and had a story line. It was for entertainment and for the audience to enjoy, but montage was the opposite.
Eisenstein was the master of montage. He wanted the audience to think hard when they was watching the films instead of just watching it for entertainment as the USA did. Eisenstein and Griffith was at war because Griffith discovered continuity when the audience doesn't have to think because he tried to make it look like the film hasn't been edited. It came to an disappointment for Eisenstein because he lost the war between continuity and montage, whereas we can only use montage to an extent because the audience will eventually become bore by keep on having to think every time they watch a film.
Eisenstein and Kuleshov made films from propaganda. Kuleshov had a technique called the Kuleshov effect which was taking a close up then taking another shot straight after that can completely change the whole meaning and have a different story this is used to make the audience think of the meaning behind the shot.
There are 5 different type of montages such as rhythmic, metric, tonal, over tonal and intellectual. Rhythmic montage is when the beat/music matches the scene or the action. For an example in the movie Psycho in the killing scene with the woman in the shower, the tempo of the music speeds up because he's striking her with the knife, and the music is screeching because of the attack that is happening. Metric montage is when you long shots and the action is cutting to the beat. For an example in karate kid each time they hit each other it would be in time with the beat. Tonal and over tonal montage is a contrast within the shots such as lighting to show us what the character is going through, and to give the audience an idea of what the character is thinking. For and example in 'The age of innocence' 1993 the character sees the sun reflecting on the glass and each time that happens it reminds him of happy memories in the past, it's called nostalgic reverie. Intellectual montage is concerning ideas for ideological concept which will make you think. An example of this would be 'North by northwest' 1959 the train interpretates the the character is about to have sex. Another example would be in the movie 'They live' 1998 because the sunglasses makes the audience think that aliens have taken over the world because each time the character puts them on everything is different. In strike it's also intellectual montage because the slaughter of the bull gives it a metaphor for the treatment of workers who are hardworking but helpless; all controlled by merciless authorities. The reason why this is all used is because he wanted it to look more artistic.
They didn't what movies to be about entertainment, they wanted the audience to the think and become confused about what is happening on screen.
Contemporary editing uses alternative (montage) techniques as well. For an example in the movies 'Royal Tenenbaums' they use jump cuts when he is shaving his beard and cutting his hair. They use jump cuts to make the audience think. The jump cuts reflect on the character; it shows that that the character is unsteady. You will see the example below of the scene.
Montage and Discontinuity:
Montage and Discontinuity has many effects to keep its purpose in favour of stylistic use such as showing in non-linear structures, reverse chronological orders etc. A technique that is mostly used for demonstrating discontinuity are jump-cuts and motivated. The purpose of this is to tell a story and create meaning. This is used for stylistic use because the use of a jump-cut can confuse the audience on purpose to make them think.
For example, the movie 'Fight Club' uses many discontinuous techniques, however an example of a technique that is used for purpose and meaning is jump-cuts.
In the scene shown, it shows the character standing in the middle of the scene as time passes by. A jump-cut is used when a man appears in the background and then disappears. The use of a jump-cut makes it seem confusing because at one point he is gone, and then the next scene he disappears.
I believe that montage and discontinuity haven't lost their purpose and meaning. It's not strictly making the audience think anymore, however it's being used with continuity to still make the audience think but not most of the time. It's still used for its purpose to make the audience think such as with jump cuts but nowadays it doesn't leave the audience thinking because mainly continuity is used. Montage still has it's purpose and meaning but in more of a stylistic way to make it look interesting and entertaining instead of making the audience think all the time and leaving them unsatisfied.
Montage was used by Hitchcock and Godard. Hitchcock created a well known thriller called Psycho. He used a technique called moviola which was a well know method in the 1960's. He used transitions in his shots such as jump cuts and rhythmic montage.
He uses rhythmic montage when the man is killing her the music becomes faster and violent to mirror his violent actions. Also the drain goes in to a shot of a close up of her eye showing that she is dying whilst looking at the audience. The drain represents her life going down the drain also because her blood was going down the drain.
The biggest film Goddard made was called 'breathless' and he appreciated Hitchcock's films. He was a director and a producer; within this film he also used something called moviola that was around in the 1960's. He edited his films on this and deliberately had unconventional jump cuts to deliberately make the audience think of the meaning behind it. In 1960's feminism was around, racism etc and in the 1960's was when everything was pulled apart by people who didn't agree with the old system, such as no sex before marriage. In the trailer it has a woman in her underwear and this wasn't something that was allowed before, therefore there is a lot of changes within society in that time.
Also it contains a lot of jump cuts and they are chasing he to left and right which means it's deliberately designed to break continuity. This is unscripted because Godard saw it as natural therefore they improvised with their words.
However Kubrick, Nolan and Tarantino wanted to make it artistic. Kubrick made film called 'space odyssey' and had a variety of effects in it and he also created the shining Spartacus. He was also a director as well and directed many films. In one of his films he referred to the jump cuts in breathless therefore he was influenced by what the French was doing in the 1960's and he was bringing it to Hollywood. Hollywood made montage artistic; something that the French didn't like. Kubrick was doing this because of the fact he wanted to be artistic. There was a shot where a monkey was throwing a bone then the shot changed to in space this proves he was doing it in an arty way.
Nolan uses montage in an artistic style for entertainment in Hollywood. The french wasn't annoyed because they respected Hitchcock but they wanted to keep it authentic and for it not to be all about entertainment, just wanted people to think about their movies, they was worried because they thought they was taking the artistic value for montage and the original purpose of it.
Nolan uses discontinuous editing in the most of his films, he also uses cross cutting in his movies to build suspense towards the climax. Nolan also tells his stories in a non-linear narrative through discontinuous editing style of element. In his editing he tricks the audience to make them confused on what is happening. The movies feature timelines that are edited together but just color different timelines.
The prestige is a movie that Nolan directed and in the scene that is shown below the tempo is slow at the beginning to draw tension to the situation. There was a wide view to show the atmosphere but it doesn't follow the action shots because it keeps swapping to him in the magician and he has a voice over explaining what is happening at the time.
Tarantino is a film director, producer, screen writer, photographer and actor. The films he was known for were Reservoir Dogs, Pulp fiction, Jackie Brown, Kill bill and Inglorious bastards. Tarantino used montage to create and artistic effect. In Pulp fiction he uses close ups and the tempo slows down with the rhythm because Tarantino wanted to create tension; using close ups to show their facial expressions to show that they are nervous on what is going to happen.
Pulp Fiction is a movie that Tarantino made and directed. The scene when the girl has past out the pace is slow because they want it to be more dramatic and they want the audience to be engaged within what is happening on screen. He also uses close ups to show their facial expressions to show that they are nervous about the situation that is happening.
The new wave sent out to break continuity because it's not what they wanted movies to be they wanted to make the audience think and no entertainment and that's exactly what continuity was giving. Alternative techniques are noticeable to the audience, for example jump cuts; the audience can clearly see this technique being used, however continuity hides the editing therefore the audience won't notice them such as match on action, 180 degree rule and that is what the new wave didn't like.
Political reasons why continuity became more dominant over montage:
Montage and discontinuity- Purpose and Stylistic use:
Advantage
Disadvantage
There is a huge difference between Continuity and montage, because continuity is more a like a mainstream of normality, it focuses on the drama and the story along with other things such as time and space, closed ending, therefore the film could be straight forward with a beginning middle and end and the audience will know that the movie has finished, using continuity editing by telling a linear narrative such as horror/thriller and above all this it doesn't make the audience think.
Montage is an alternative way that will make the audience think and become confused because it is deliberately breaking continuity with jump cuts to show supernatural actions, along with flashbacks, open endings, therefore the film will end in a cliff hanger and the audience won't know if the film has ended therefore it leaves the audience unsatisfied, it's more challenging to follow and it's all done for an artistic reason, to create emotions.
This all started because there was a war between the USR and USA which was being represented by Griffith and Eisenstein. Now today continuity is being used more because the audience doesn't always want to think, they would want to enjoy the movie alone, however there is a some sign on montage to make the film interesting and exciting.
Continuity is still used today in movies such as 180 degree rule, match on action, shot reverse shot, point of view shots, cutaways, seamless editing, motivated shot and cross cutting but the edits are invisible. In the movie ride along in the scene where Kevin Hart got shot there is 180 degree rules used at 1.47 to show that the two characters are having a conversation. You will see this example below.
Montage and discontinuity techniques developed from early to modern to challenge continuity because it all started with Griffith. Griffith always wanted to be a writer and after Porter hired him to be one of his actors for his film Griffith submitted his script to porter in 1908, however Porter rejected it because it would of taken a good amount of time to do and it would of need a lot resources. On the other hand Edison took in Griffiths as one of his actors. Then further on in time he became a director and directed a film called 'Birth of nations'
Griffith is the person who discovered continuity. Griffith discovered the 18- degree rule by a trial an error and with every other technique of continuity he discovered through a trial and error and then found out which scenes it would go well with. He used close ups and other different type of shots, also cross-cutting. In a film he produced called 'The lonely Villa' in 1909 he used tension; built up the tension by increasing the tempo of the cuts up to the climax. Griffith was remembered by the discovery of continuity, however he wasn't remembered by the discovery of increasing the pace to create climax (pace of editing) You will see an example of this below. Continuity was mainstream and had a story line. It was for entertainment and for the audience to enjoy, but montage was the opposite.
Eisenstein was the master of montage. He wanted the audience to think hard when they was watching the films instead of just watching it for entertainment as the USA did. Eisenstein and Griffith was at war because Griffith discovered continuity when the audience doesn't have to think because he tried to make it look like the film hasn't been edited. It came to an disappointment for Eisenstein because he lost the war between continuity and montage, whereas we can only use montage to an extent because the audience will eventually become bore by keep on having to think every time they watch a film.
Eisenstein and Kuleshov made films from propaganda. Kuleshov had a technique called the Kuleshov effect which was taking a close up then taking another shot straight after that can completely change the whole meaning and have a different story this is used to make the audience think of the meaning behind the shot.
There are 5 different type of montages such as rhythmic, metric, tonal, over tonal and intellectual. Rhythmic montage is when the beat/music matches the scene or the action. For an example in the movie Psycho in the killing scene with the woman in the shower, the tempo of the music speeds up because he's striking her with the knife, and the music is screeching because of the attack that is happening. Metric montage is when you long shots and the action is cutting to the beat. For an example in karate kid each time they hit each other it would be in time with the beat. Tonal and over tonal montage is a contrast within the shots such as lighting to show us what the character is going through, and to give the audience an idea of what the character is thinking. For and example in 'The age of innocence' 1993 the character sees the sun reflecting on the glass and each time that happens it reminds him of happy memories in the past, it's called nostalgic reverie. Intellectual montage is concerning ideas for ideological concept which will make you think. An example of this would be 'North by northwest' 1959 the train interpretates the the character is about to have sex. Another example would be in the movie 'They live' 1998 because the sunglasses makes the audience think that aliens have taken over the world because each time the character puts them on everything is different. In strike it's also intellectual montage because the slaughter of the bull gives it a metaphor for the treatment of workers who are hardworking but helpless; all controlled by merciless authorities. The reason why this is all used is because he wanted it to look more artistic.
They didn't what movies to be about entertainment, they wanted the audience to the think and become confused about what is happening on screen.
Contemporary editing uses alternative (montage) techniques as well. For an example in the movies 'Royal Tenenbaums' they use jump cuts when he is shaving his beard and cutting his hair. They use jump cuts to make the audience think. The jump cuts reflect on the character; it shows that that the character is unsteady. You will see the example below of the scene.
Montage and Discontinuity:
Montage and Discontinuity has many effects to keep its purpose in favour of stylistic use such as showing in non-linear structures, reverse chronological orders etc. A technique that is mostly used for demonstrating discontinuity are jump-cuts and motivated. The purpose of this is to tell a story and create meaning. This is used for stylistic use because the use of a jump-cut can confuse the audience on purpose to make them think.
For example, the movie 'Fight Club' uses many discontinuous techniques, however an example of a technique that is used for purpose and meaning is jump-cuts.
In the scene shown, it shows the character standing in the middle of the scene as time passes by. A jump-cut is used when a man appears in the background and then disappears. The use of a jump-cut makes it seem confusing because at one point he is gone, and then the next scene he disappears.
I believe that montage and discontinuity haven't lost their purpose and meaning. It's not strictly making the audience think anymore, however it's being used with continuity to still make the audience think but not most of the time. It's still used for its purpose to make the audience think such as with jump cuts but nowadays it doesn't leave the audience thinking because mainly continuity is used. Montage still has it's purpose and meaning but in more of a stylistic way to make it look interesting and entertaining instead of making the audience think all the time and leaving them unsatisfied.
Montage was used by Hitchcock and Godard. Hitchcock created a well known thriller called Psycho. He used a technique called moviola which was a well know method in the 1960's. He used transitions in his shots such as jump cuts and rhythmic montage.
He uses rhythmic montage when the man is killing her the music becomes faster and violent to mirror his violent actions. Also the drain goes in to a shot of a close up of her eye showing that she is dying whilst looking at the audience. The drain represents her life going down the drain also because her blood was going down the drain.
The biggest film Goddard made was called 'breathless' and he appreciated Hitchcock's films. He was a director and a producer; within this film he also used something called moviola that was around in the 1960's. He edited his films on this and deliberately had unconventional jump cuts to deliberately make the audience think of the meaning behind it. In 1960's feminism was around, racism etc and in the 1960's was when everything was pulled apart by people who didn't agree with the old system, such as no sex before marriage. In the trailer it has a woman in her underwear and this wasn't something that was allowed before, therefore there is a lot of changes within society in that time.
Also it contains a lot of jump cuts and they are chasing he to left and right which means it's deliberately designed to break continuity. This is unscripted because Godard saw it as natural therefore they improvised with their words.
However Kubrick, Nolan and Tarantino wanted to make it artistic. Kubrick made film called 'space odyssey' and had a variety of effects in it and he also created the shining Spartacus. He was also a director as well and directed many films. In one of his films he referred to the jump cuts in breathless therefore he was influenced by what the French was doing in the 1960's and he was bringing it to Hollywood. Hollywood made montage artistic; something that the French didn't like. Kubrick was doing this because of the fact he wanted to be artistic. There was a shot where a monkey was throwing a bone then the shot changed to in space this proves he was doing it in an arty way.
Nolan uses montage in an artistic style for entertainment in Hollywood. The french wasn't annoyed because they respected Hitchcock but they wanted to keep it authentic and for it not to be all about entertainment, just wanted people to think about their movies, they was worried because they thought they was taking the artistic value for montage and the original purpose of it.
Nolan uses discontinuous editing in the most of his films, he also uses cross cutting in his movies to build suspense towards the climax. Nolan also tells his stories in a non-linear narrative through discontinuous editing style of element. In his editing he tricks the audience to make them confused on what is happening. The movies feature timelines that are edited together but just color different timelines.
The prestige is a movie that Nolan directed and in the scene that is shown below the tempo is slow at the beginning to draw tension to the situation. There was a wide view to show the atmosphere but it doesn't follow the action shots because it keeps swapping to him in the magician and he has a voice over explaining what is happening at the time.
Tarantino is a film director, producer, screen writer, photographer and actor. The films he was known for were Reservoir Dogs, Pulp fiction, Jackie Brown, Kill bill and Inglorious bastards. Tarantino used montage to create and artistic effect. In Pulp fiction he uses close ups and the tempo slows down with the rhythm because Tarantino wanted to create tension; using close ups to show their facial expressions to show that they are nervous on what is going to happen.
Pulp Fiction is a movie that Tarantino made and directed. The scene when the girl has past out the pace is slow because they want it to be more dramatic and they want the audience to be engaged within what is happening on screen. He also uses close ups to show their facial expressions to show that they are nervous about the situation that is happening.
The new wave sent out to break continuity because it's not what they wanted movies to be they wanted to make the audience think and no entertainment and that's exactly what continuity was giving. Alternative techniques are noticeable to the audience, for example jump cuts; the audience can clearly see this technique being used, however continuity hides the editing therefore the audience won't notice them such as match on action, 180 degree rule and that is what the new wave didn't like.
Political reasons why continuity became more dominant over montage:
Montage and discontinuity- Purpose and Stylistic use:
Advantage
Disadvantage
Monday, 7 December 2015
Portfolio of techniques
Cross Cutting
This video above is a video for cross cutting. Cross cutting was invented by Edwin S. Porter in early cinema. However, Goddard liked the technique and decided to develop the technique further.
What is a cross cutting? A cross cut is a technique where two shots are taking place in two different locations, but when they are edited, they are edited to show the audience that these two events where taking place at the same time.
Shot reverse shot
Shot Reverse shot is, involves two characters having a conversation. You would have one character looking at the other, then we would have a reverse shot from that characters point of view. This is also known as continuity editing.The purpose of using short reverse shot to see character face whilst talking instead focusing on one character when talking, by this you can see their emotions whentalking and makes more interesting.
Seamless editing
Seamless editing or also known as invisible editing is when the cuts matches with the action. This means that there is no editing involved at all just cuts in between shots so it matches the action of what is happening in the film in a certain scene and continues to have the flow without breaking or ruining it but this certain technique was used by D.W Griffith.
Shots changes based on the tempo of music been played so therefore the shots changes according to the tempo of the music. This technique is used to pass time. It was invented by esiestein.
Match on Action is form of continuity editing, it is cutting to shot then cutting to another shot to build up the action. Match on Action is used to get the audience attentions and it also creates drama and excitement. D.W. Griffiths stared to investigate the match on action 180 degree rule and found out some interesting fact on where to place the camera so it does not break the 180 degree rule. it develop by directors trying and finally go it right. Till this day on wards directors have been using match on action and the 180 degree rules sign of continuity editing.
Eye-Line match:
This is when two shots are lined up from a eye line match. This works when you put two cameras in a similar position around the same axis, You would put this in the same position. An eye line shot is also when the camera shows someone looking at something and then then the camera switches to the object or thing the person was looking at. The purpose of this is so that the audience want t know what the character is looking at.
Lev Kuleshov uses an example of an eye-line shot in his Kuleshov effect video. However, the person that was known for discovering this or using this the most was Alfred Hitchcock who used this most frequently in his film.
Motivated:
A motivated edit or motivated cut as it is also known, is when the scene cuts to another scene or object that was not in the previous frame. This is done in a discreet manner so it does not seem confusing to the audience or break the illusion of continuity. i.e. 180 degree rule. The purpose of a motivated edit is usually to build suspense, show a conversation between characters, or flashbacks. This is effective because it lets the audience know what had happened in the past.
Modern Example: The Usual Suspects
In the opening scene to this movie, a motivated edit is used to create a flashback. This means that the camera would cut back to a previous scene or edit that has been showed vaguely or not at all.
Point of view shot
The Point Of View shot is used here, it is done to show the current events taking place from one characters perspective. It is done to see the events from the eyes of the character.
Continuity
Continuity - A sequence of shots done to entertain the audience, to create a story in a linear sequence. It was invented by D.W Griffiths, through trial as error, as he would try something out and see if it worked. Continuity came from the US, fighting between them and Soviet Russia, who created montage, continuity proved more popular with audiences as it was just done to entertain the audience, unlike montage, which is designed to make the audience think.
Thursday, 3 December 2015
Unit 22 - Camera and meaning assessment extended Re-submission (to get the distinction)
There is a huge difference between Continuity and montage, because continuity is more a like a mainstream of normality, it focuses on the drama and the story along with other things such as time and space, closed ending, therefore the film could be straight forward with a beginning middle and end and the audience will know that the movie has finished, using continuity editing by telling a linear narrative such as horror/thriller and above all this it doesn't make the audience think.
Montage is an alternative way that will make the audience think and become confused because it is deliberately breaking continuity with jump cuts to show supernatural actions, along with flashbacks, open endings, therefore the film will end in a cliff hanger and the audience won't know if the film has ended therefore it leaves the audience unsatisfied, it's more challenging to follow and it's all done for an artistic reason, to create emotions.
This all started because there was a war between the USR and USA which was being represented by Griffith and Eisenstein. Now today continuity is being used more because the audience doesn't always want to think, they would want to enjoy the movie alone, however there is a some sign on montage to make the film interesting and exciting.
Visual Decay starts off with slow creepy music to create tension then it has a lot of close ups to the things he is doing such as putting his shirt on, putting his tie on and putting his gloves on to bring in the audience attention to what he is doing. It also has a jump cut when he is putting on his glove to show that he isn't normal. This is montage editing because it makes you think.
Having off colour socks on shows he is not steady and not well
This is a mid shot of the man with a box over his head and three pictures behind him of something will be explaining about in the next shot. This is montage because it makes the audience think more deeper and wonder why does he have a box over his head.
At 1:12 we have jump cuts show that he isn't normal therefore he could be demonic or supernatural, because of these jump cuts the audience will think that. The fact that when the jump cuts are happening a man on TV is talking however the man's voice isn't jump cutting or cutting off at any point through the jump cuts which proves to the audience the character is demonic.
To show his mood there is numerous of jump cuts when he is shaking his head. First it shows at a mid shot then switches to different angles to view both sides of his head then goes back to mid shot.
Here is a close up on the face that has been drawn on the box to make the audience think why is that happening or is that really his facial expressions. Also the close up is to show that their is no holes through the eyes therefore he cant see through it. There is no holes in the box for him to breather, so it makes the audience think is this character human.
There is a high angle of the box showing that there is an 'X' mark at the top of it which resembles danger or target.
We have a close up of the photos on the wall behind him. The photos are of other TV's probably from the past. There are extreme close ups on the images but they don't do an extreme close up on the TV that is smashed, therefore the character probably breaks the TV when he sees a channel that makes him angry.
The narrative of this is that he will repeat the whole thing the next day because i think what evr show the TV cuts out on he has to stay with that emotion for the rest of the day, therefore if it lands on a happy show he will get his features back, however it's always ending on a sad show which causes him to break the TV sometimes.
This short film is montage editing because it deliberately breaks continuity because it's challenging it makes the audience think, it's not just for entertainment. The audience feels unsatisfied by the ending because it's an open ending, therefore they don't know what is going to happen next. Also because it had numerous of jump cuts in there.
Nolan uses montage in an artistic style for entertainment in Hollywood. The french wasn't annoyed because they respected Hitchcock but they wanted to keep it authentic and for it not to be all about entertainment, just wanted people to think about their movies, they was worried because they thought they was taking the artistic value for montage and the original purpose of it.
Nolan uses discontinuous editing in the most of his films, he also uses cross cutting in his movies to build suspense towards the climax. Nolan also tells his stories in a non-linear narrative through discontinuous editing style of element. In his editing he tricks the audience to make them confused on what is happening. The movies feature timelines that are edited together but just color different timelines.
Tarantino is a film director, producer, screen writer, photographer and actor. The films he was known for were Reservoir Dogs, Pulp fiction, Jackie Brown, Kill bill and Inglorious bastards. Tarantino used montage to create and artistic effect. In Pulp fiction he uses close ups and the tempo slows down with the rhythm because Tarantino wanted to create tension; using close ups to show their facial expressions to show that they are nervous on what is going to happen.
1. Inglorious Bastards
Inglorious Bastards was made by Tarantino. This scene manipulates time because it goes back in time like flashbacks to show who Hugo Stieglitz is.It also creates motivation when he calls his name in prison. In the image below he uses high angles show that he is weak and helpless and the person who is higher than him is more dominant.
2. Death Proof
Death proof was made by Tarantino. At the beginning when the three girls was chasing after the man in the car the tempo was increased because it was a chase; along with the music which also increased as well because the pace got faster because it was a chase. It manipulated space because the space between them was very little when they was attacking him.
Montage is an alternative way that will make the audience think and become confused because it is deliberately breaking continuity with jump cuts to show supernatural actions, along with flashbacks, open endings, therefore the film will end in a cliff hanger and the audience won't know if the film has ended therefore it leaves the audience unsatisfied, it's more challenging to follow and it's all done for an artistic reason, to create emotions.
This all started because there was a war between the USR and USA which was being represented by Griffith and Eisenstein. Now today continuity is being used more because the audience doesn't always want to think, they would want to enjoy the movie alone, however there is a some sign on montage to make the film interesting and exciting.
Visual Decay starts off with slow creepy music to create tension then it has a lot of close ups to the things he is doing such as putting his shirt on, putting his tie on and putting his gloves on to bring in the audience attention to what he is doing. It also has a jump cut when he is putting on his glove to show that he isn't normal. This is montage editing because it makes you think.
Having off colour socks on shows he is not steady and not well
This is a mid shot of the man with a box over his head and three pictures behind him of something will be explaining about in the next shot. This is montage because it makes the audience think more deeper and wonder why does he have a box over his head.
At 1:12 we have jump cuts show that he isn't normal therefore he could be demonic or supernatural, because of these jump cuts the audience will think that. The fact that when the jump cuts are happening a man on TV is talking however the man's voice isn't jump cutting or cutting off at any point through the jump cuts which proves to the audience the character is demonic.
To show his mood there is numerous of jump cuts when he is shaking his head. First it shows at a mid shot then switches to different angles to view both sides of his head then goes back to mid shot.
Here is a close up on the face that has been drawn on the box to make the audience think why is that happening or is that really his facial expressions. Also the close up is to show that their is no holes through the eyes therefore he cant see through it. There is no holes in the box for him to breather, so it makes the audience think is this character human.
There is a high angle of the box showing that there is an 'X' mark at the top of it which resembles danger or target.
We have a close up of the photos on the wall behind him. The photos are of other TV's probably from the past. There are extreme close ups on the images but they don't do an extreme close up on the TV that is smashed, therefore the character probably breaks the TV when he sees a channel that makes him angry.
The narrative of this is that he will repeat the whole thing the next day because i think what evr show the TV cuts out on he has to stay with that emotion for the rest of the day, therefore if it lands on a happy show he will get his features back, however it's always ending on a sad show which causes him to break the TV sometimes.
This short film is montage editing because it deliberately breaks continuity because it's challenging it makes the audience think, it's not just for entertainment. The audience feels unsatisfied by the ending because it's an open ending, therefore they don't know what is going to happen next. Also because it had numerous of jump cuts in there.
Nolan uses montage in an artistic style for entertainment in Hollywood. The french wasn't annoyed because they respected Hitchcock but they wanted to keep it authentic and for it not to be all about entertainment, just wanted people to think about their movies, they was worried because they thought they was taking the artistic value for montage and the original purpose of it.
Nolan uses discontinuous editing in the most of his films, he also uses cross cutting in his movies to build suspense towards the climax. Nolan also tells his stories in a non-linear narrative through discontinuous editing style of element. In his editing he tricks the audience to make them confused on what is happening. The movies feature timelines that are edited together but just color different timelines.
Tarantino is a film director, producer, screen writer, photographer and actor. The films he was known for were Reservoir Dogs, Pulp fiction, Jackie Brown, Kill bill and Inglorious bastards. Tarantino used montage to create and artistic effect. In Pulp fiction he uses close ups and the tempo slows down with the rhythm because Tarantino wanted to create tension; using close ups to show their facial expressions to show that they are nervous on what is going to happen.
1. Inglorious Bastards
Inglorious Bastards was made by Tarantino. This scene manipulates time because it goes back in time like flashbacks to show who Hugo Stieglitz is.It also creates motivation when he calls his name in prison. In the image below he uses high angles show that he is weak and helpless and the person who is higher than him is more dominant.
2. Death Proof
Death proof was made by Tarantino. At the beginning when the three girls was chasing after the man in the car the tempo was increased because it was a chase; along with the music which also increased as well because the pace got faster because it was a chase. It manipulated space because the space between them was very little when they was attacking him.
Friday, 27 November 2015
Prep work - Contemporary Period Purposes and Techniques
Inception Cafe
180 degree rule is being used here to show that two people are having a conversation. The tempo of the explosions are slow because it is to create tension.
The dark knight
The rhythm and the tempo and the pace increased after the explosions because everything was tense because everyone believed that their going to die. It uses shot reverse shot from the joker to the police to show what the joker is about to do therefore creates suspense. The pace slows down when the mans' face is burning to build tension towards.
Ezekiel 25:17 Pulp Fiction
Creating motivation when he was calling his name. Close up to their faces to show their facial expressions. Low angle because he is more dominant. The tempo increases as they are arguing and firing questions. The pace was slow at first to create tension. It also used a wide shot to show the atmosphere. High angle to show he is weak. Shot reverse shot because their having a conversation. Reading what is in the bible but committing a sin.
Kill Bill
Pace slows down at some parts when they fight to create tension, rhythm increases as they was fighting because the want the audience to be engaged and they don't want them to look away from the screen. Rhythmic montage is one of the types of montage.
180 degree rule is being used here to show that two people are having a conversation. The tempo of the explosions are slow because it is to create tension.
The dark knight
The rhythm and the tempo and the pace increased after the explosions because everything was tense because everyone believed that their going to die. It uses shot reverse shot from the joker to the police to show what the joker is about to do therefore creates suspense. The pace slows down when the mans' face is burning to build tension towards.
Ezekiel 25:17 Pulp Fiction
Creating motivation when he was calling his name. Close up to their faces to show their facial expressions. Low angle because he is more dominant. The tempo increases as they are arguing and firing questions. The pace was slow at first to create tension. It also used a wide shot to show the atmosphere. High angle to show he is weak. Shot reverse shot because their having a conversation. Reading what is in the bible but committing a sin.
Kill Bill
Pace slows down at some parts when they fight to create tension, rhythm increases as they was fighting because the want the audience to be engaged and they don't want them to look away from the screen. Rhythmic montage is one of the types of montage.
Wednesday, 25 November 2015
Editing techniques
Jump Cuts
An example of jump cuts is in the movie called Royal Tenenbaums. In the scene just before he kills himself he is shaving his beard and cutting his hair. There is jump cuts here to reflect his emotions to show that he is unsteady and that there was something wrong with him. You will see the clip below. Jump cuts was discovered by Melies. Also another person who used jump cuts is Goddard by discontinuity; purposely to break continuity.
Transitions
An example of transitions is a fade out. An example of this is in a scene of the movie Ghost in 1990. Transitions were discovered by Melies and it's used to smooth out the scene/movie. Also it helps the audience know that the movie has ended especially if music is playing on top of it. In the example below it shows that the scene has ended nicely and smoothly because they are together.
180 degree rule
18- degree rule is when a camera is pointing at two different people who are in front of each other on either side to show that they are having a conversation. The camera can't cross the line of action because it will then be a different shot; it wouldn't look like the two people are looking at each other. This is why only single cameras use 180 degree rule, if multi cameras was to try and use this technique they would break it because other cameras will be seen in the shot. An example will be shown below of a scene in doctor who where 180 degree rule is being used.
An example of jump cuts is in the movie called Royal Tenenbaums. In the scene just before he kills himself he is shaving his beard and cutting his hair. There is jump cuts here to reflect his emotions to show that he is unsteady and that there was something wrong with him. You will see the clip below. Jump cuts was discovered by Melies. Also another person who used jump cuts is Goddard by discontinuity; purposely to break continuity.
Transitions
An example of transitions is a fade out. An example of this is in a scene of the movie Ghost in 1990. Transitions were discovered by Melies and it's used to smooth out the scene/movie. Also it helps the audience know that the movie has ended especially if music is playing on top of it. In the example below it shows that the scene has ended nicely and smoothly because they are together.
180 degree rule
18- degree rule is when a camera is pointing at two different people who are in front of each other on either side to show that they are having a conversation. The camera can't cross the line of action because it will then be a different shot; it wouldn't look like the two people are looking at each other. This is why only single cameras use 180 degree rule, if multi cameras was to try and use this technique they would break it because other cameras will be seen in the shot. An example will be shown below of a scene in doctor who where 180 degree rule is being used.
Wednesday, 18 November 2015
180 degree rule and jump cuts
In 1896 Melies used jump cuts along with other transitions in a trip to the moon. Jump cut deliberately breaks continuity to make the people think and to create something supernatural and his a a modern way of showing it. In this short film it shows the jump cuts when the dad is in he kitchen on the phone. The jump cuts show that he is unsteady and also to show that the supernatural doll in his daughters room upstairs is about attack. an older version of an example of his is a trip to he moon.
180 degree rule was discovered by Griffith by a trail and error and 180 degree rule is part of continuity, 180 degree rule is is only used by single cameras because if it was used by a multi camera the other cameras will get into the shot. There is a line of action you can't cross otherwise it would be a completely different shot by he characters looking at something else. An example of this is from doctor who and that would be a modem version of it. An older version of this would be 'The lonely villa' in 1909.
180 degree rule was discovered by Griffith by a trail and error and 180 degree rule is part of continuity, 180 degree rule is is only used by single cameras because if it was used by a multi camera the other cameras will get into the shot. There is a line of action you can't cross otherwise it would be a completely different shot by he characters looking at something else. An example of this is from doctor who and that would be a modem version of it. An older version of this would be 'The lonely villa' in 1909.
Tuesday, 17 November 2015
Monday, 2 November 2015
Unit 22 - Camera and Meaning Assessment - The Rattler
With this short film i will explaining and inferring the most significant shots and explain the character, genre, settings and narrative and i will be explaining the effects, purpose and the meaning.
First shot
This shot is a shot of her computer showing the audience that and unknown person is calling, this builds up tension and suspense because the unknown caller repeatedly rings her. Everywhere else around the screen is black which shows the house she is in is dangerous and the caller that is calling her a dangerous and demonic this reflects on the fact that this is a horror. The setting is in her house, in her own comfort to show us her privacy is going to be invaded.
Shot two and three
This shot is close up on alcohol to symbolise that she could be depressed along with the dialogue 'i should of just went out tonight'. This close up tells us as and audience that it's important. The long/mid shot shows us the environment she is in which is her house, however the colours are dark and gloom therefore that foreshadows something evil is going to happen to her in her house. This shows us that it's a horror. However she is wearing the colour white which shows she's pure and innocent.
Shot four
This shot is shot reverse shot because the camera films the girl then the girl on the screen showing that they are talking. The audience know it's a horror because the girl on the screen is herself but talking in a high pitched evil way, the audience can also tell its horror by her constant smiling while she is foreshadowing what is going to happen with the rattler. The background is dark because its a demon talking to her and to show that her house is dangerous. At this point the character feels confused and starts to get frightened after hearing about the rattler.
Shot five
This shot is shot at a low angle by long shot. As his hand reaches the top window it shows that the killer has more power over the victim. Also the long shot shows that he is at the victim's house and he is invading her privacy. The lighting is is bright in the house because she is an innocent girl but dark outside because the demon/killer is out there.
Shot six
This is a close up shot at a high angle to show that she has no power and she's weak and vulnerable. Us as the audience can also tell that she's vulnerable because she's not a bad person, the audience know this because of the colour of the clothes she is wearing, the colour is white which have the connotations of innocent and pure. The lighting in this shot is mid way bright to show that in the room she is in she is safe but she doesn't feel safe. The sound effects that are being played over the film is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear but the characters can't. The sound is very slow and morbid and winy which shows the genre is a horror.
Shot seven
This shot is an extreme close up on the hole through the door to show its important, and what you can see through that hole is important. You can see demonic eyes through the hole starring, this shows us that it's a horror. It was very blurry because they don't want the audience to see too much of the killers face and the colour of his face was blue like he's woken up from the dead. The reason why it was blurry was because they used depth of field to make it blurry to create a meaning which is that they don't want the audience to see the killers face. The sound effects/music stops just before his face appears in the hole to build up more tension within the audience.
Shot eight
This is a mid shot close up showing the audience that this demon is attacking the girls. The demon is dressed in black therefore that symbolises that he is evil and this shows us that it's a horror. The camera was shaky because he was attacking her and she was unstable. The sound of her screaming is diegetic because the audience and the characters can hear it, the screaming isn't a normal scream it's a cry for help and continuous scream showing us that she's in pain. The environment now is claustrophobic because of how close the demon is to her she has no space to move.
Shot nine
This shot is an over the shoulder shot however the audience still can't see the killer's face purposely to create mystery and this shows us it's a horror because if they reveal this killers face it will ruin the movie. The killer is dressed in black therefore he represents death and evil for an example the grim reaper. The environment becomes darker when the shot is on him because he is a dangerous character towards the victim. The constant screaming tells us he is still attacking her.
Shot ten
This shot is an extreme close up on the demons mouth to show the audience that this is a demon because of the way his teeth are shaped like vampire teeth, eating her skin. The effect this has on the audience is shock, suspense and tension because of this characters actions. The sound is a low bong sound to show that the demon has won and also represents that it's a horror because the sound effects are threatening. Also sounding like the devil is walking around. The narrative to this would be that the demon would disappear and the police would come to the girls house because they tracked down her phone and they will fine the girl in the bathroom, dead on the floor and they will be trying to investigate what happened meanwhile the same thing is happening to a boy that was very close to the victim.
Shot eleven and twelve and thirteen and fourteen
These shots show jump cuts to shot shots when the killer is attacking the victim. The pace has increased to create intensity and suspense because he is killing her therefore everything is happening fast and sudden. However it is still linear narrative because it has no flashbacks and the story in in chronological order with beginning, middle and ending therefore this shows it has continuity. Also in these four shots they are using the 180 degree rule because no cameras are on the other side getting seen in certain shots because the single camera isn't crossing the line of action, this shows continuity as well.
This is a single drama because it's only shown once and gives examples of realism. Short horror/thriller films are single drams because they all base on real life situations and the story is always based on one character. Short horror/thriller films mainly use closed ending because it has as lot non-diegetic sound that the audience can hear but the characters can't and it uses a lot of continuity ellipsis by time and also because the have an end to it.
Sunday, 1 November 2015
Unit 22 - Camera and Meaning Assessment - 2AM The smiling man
With this short film i will explaining and inferring the most significant shots and explain the character, genre, settings and narrative and i will be explaining the effects, purpose and the meaning.
Shot One
This shot is a long shot showing the the setting the character is in, which a street however there is nobody out on this street, he is alone this creates tension because of the music that is over it. The music is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear it but the character can't. The music represents that danger is around and the character might get hurt. This shows that it's a thriller because it create suspense, mystery and tension.The lighting on his path way is bright to show he is an innocent man walking the streets, however in the background it is dark and black which represents evil and danger. The narrative to this is that he is going to continue walking and someone will start to follow him then it will become a chase and then someone will attack him.
Shot Two
In this shot the audience can see the killer in a long shot, showing that he is in the same environment as the man is. This creates mystery and suspense towards the audience because the audience can't see the killers face. As he comes on camera, he comes out of a shadow which represents that he's dark, he's evil and dangerous. The audience know this because evil and dangerous character are usually hiding in shadows that is why the editing of the shadow is dark and the surroundings is light. For and example a vampire coming out at night, this shows that this short film is a thriller. The sound of his feet every time it hits the ground is very important because it's foreshadowing when he is running towards the man later on in the clip, the audience will be able to hear the amount of foot steps being taken. The narrative to this is that it will become a chase and he will attack him.
Shot Three
In this shot you can see and over the shoulder shot, showing that the character is a bit frightened of the man in green therefore he crosses the road. They edited it to make the killer blurry to put all the focus on the man showing the audience that if he had to cross the road the man in green has a dangerous effect. Also it's a dark blurry effect which shows that he is dangerous. The mood is confusing because the man thinks the killer is acting weird. The location and lighting proves that it's a thriller because no one is out only them two and the lighting is still low key. The sound of his foot steps are still at a staggering pace which is diegetic because we can hear it and so can the characters . The narrative to this is that the killer will disappear and reappear later on in the clip and attack the man.
Shot Four
In this shot there is a close up to show the character's facial expression showing that he is frightened as the killer slowly leaps towards him. The audience can interpret that the man is innocent because he looks bright and pure whereas the killer looks dark and always in the distance. Also the camera starts shaking slightly show that the man is feeling unsteady and nervous. The music is over this shot is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear, it represents something dangerous is going to happen.
Shot Five
This shot is an over the shoulder shot, showing the audience the killer, the effect this has on the audience is intensity because the killers face is constantly smiling. The lighting is bright as the killer becomes more closer to the victim to show he is entering his light/purity which mean he's invading is personal space. The killer is wearing the colour green which witches are who are evil and dangerous. The music quietens down and the foot step effect becomes louder because he is closer to the victim, this creates tension.
Shot Six
This shot is a long shot and its showing the killer running this means the sound of his foot steps increases therefore it creates suspense within the audience because the audience don't know what is going to happen to the victim, this shows that this is a thriller.
Shot 7
This is a close up showing the victims face being frightened because the killer is chasing him. The background being blurred but you can still see there is no one else out therefore the victim is by himself.. The music changes to an electronic fast beat showing the audience that a chase is happening and something bad is also going to happen. Also the pace of the music increases at 2:44
Shot Eight
In this shot it's a close up on the victim and the camera is shaky because he is unsteady and he is scared because he is running for his life. You can hear the intense breathing with the music playing in the background which is diegetic because the audience and the characters can hear it however the music is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear it and the reason to this is to inform the audience the killer is chasing the victim. Also the audience can hear alarm sirens which represents danger as well.
Shot Nine
This is a mid shot showing that his body language is tired and scared and the audience can hear him heavily breathing because he was running so fast from the killer. Also the audience can hear his hear beat beating fast because of the suspense and the intensity. The heart beat is non-diegetic to show that he is under pressure. However the music has stopped because the killer isn't behind him.
Shot Ten
This shot is an extreme close up on his face to show his facial expressions which are scared and confused because the killer isn't behind him. This leaves mystery with the audience because the audience don't know where the killer is.
Shot Eleven
This is establishing shot showing where his and also showing that there is no one on the street and the killer isn't there either. The audience can hear a non-diegetic sound of a heart beat but only a heart beat because the killer is no where to be seen. The reason why the audience can hear that sound is because it's there to inform them that the character is scared and nervous.
Shot Twelve
This shot is a close up on the killers face which creates suspense because the audeince havn't seen the killer's face clearly earlier in the film. The music becomes sudden has the camera moves slowly up because the it's representing danger. The narrative to this is that the screen will go black and then the victim will wake up tied up to a chair in a place no one can find and the killer will torture him and kill him
This short film is linear narrative therefore it follows continuity as time goes by and it also tell the story in order, it has a beginning, middle and end to the story however it does leave a cliffhanger which is non-linear at the end because the audience don't know what happened to the man. We also use continuity to tell the story and to add dramatic effects to add to realism, to not show that it's been edited This short film is closed ended narrative because it has a variety of non-diegetic sounds because only the audience can hear it and the actors can't. Another reason why it is closed narrative s because it has a fixed reading and the audience can understand the story very easily. Short horror/thriller films mainly use closed ending because it has as lot non-diegetic sound that the audience can hear but the characters can't and it uses a lot of continuity ellipsis by time and also because the have an end to it. This is a single drama because it's only shown once and gives examples of realism. Short horror/thriller films are single drams because they all base on real life situations and they always focus on one character.
Unit 22 - Camera and Meaning assessment - Porcelain Rising
With this short film i will explaining and inferring the most significant shots and explain the character, genre, settings and narrative and i will be explaining the effects, purpose and the meaning.
Shot one
In this first shot the music which sound like a cradle, this foreshadows that they is a young person involved in this short film. Also cradle are for babies, but yet the put the cradle sound over dark background with a crackly font. The effect this has on the audience is to show that this is a horror/thriller. In between the cracks in the background could symbolise as blood because the connotations to the colour red is blood, death and evil.
Shot Two
In this shot there is a little girl which was foreshadowed with the music in the first shot. The girls room is mainly white which shows that she is a pure and innocent girl while the setting being in her room, showing that she is being disturbed. The camera is a t a long shot to show the environment that she is in. The angle is at a low angle to show that something could be under her bed or because the camera is using dolly zoom could show that some low and evil is moving slowly towards her. The reason why i use the words 'low and evil' is because whatever she could be looking at, is below her and the devil is below as well. The effect this has on then audience is that there is something demonic is in her room. The narrative to this is that someone or something is going to attack her or possess her. The lighting is very dark which allows the audience to know it is night therefore whatever that is in her room is invading her privacy. The sound is diegetic because the audience can hear it and so can the characters. The audience can hear rain thunder and lightning which reflects on to the girl's mood; showing that she is frightened and scared. The effect it has on the audience is that as the audience hear the lightning struck it creates tension and anxiety. The way they edited the colour shows that everywhere else in her room is dark apart from her and her bed which also relates to the fact she is innocent. This shows that the genre is a thriller/horror.
Shot Three
This shot is a two shot because it shows the relationship between the two characters. This shows that her her dad is concerned about his daughter because her facial expressions look worried. The lighting here is still dark and grey which refers to the thriller/horror however they have edited the colour yellow/gold which represents God and safety, therefore it's showing the audience outside of her room is safer rather than the atmosphere she is in now; her room is full of evil and outside is more godliness. The narrative to this is that the door will dramatically close and the dad will get hurt/killed and the girl will become possessed.
Shot Four & Five
This shot is a long shot on the doll to show the environment and atmosphere it is in, this shows the audience this is the same environment the little girl is in and that the girl was looking at the doll in the first shot. The lighting and the sound changes as the camera switches to the doll. The way they edited the lighting becomes brighter and flashes on the doll twice; first time as a long shot, second time as a close up/low angle to show the killers face in more detail and to create mystery and also to show that she has more power than the girl. The sound of the lightning; which is diegetic because us as the audience can hear it and the characters can also hear it; becomes louder to create suspense and tension towards the audience, this shows that the genre of this short film is thriller. Also there was a second sound as the camera switched to the doll, which was a low vibrating base sound. This sound is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear it to show us that the doll is evil and demonic, whereas the characters can't hear that sound. The narrative to this is that the room will become all dark and then light back up but the doll would be next to the dad and attack him, then attack the girl.
Shot Six & Seven
This shot was taken at a low angle to show something demonic is looking at the girl from a long shot to create suspense and intensity, this shows that the genre is a horror/thriller. The atmosphere is still in the girls room therefore her privacy is being invaded and the girl is confused because she can't find the doll. The lighting and editing is brighter because it shows the girl having more power because of the low angle. The colour are white and gold which represents purity and hope. However in the other shot when she turns the lamp of her little bit of hope has gone. The sound is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear a low vibrating sound and the characters can't. If the characters could hear the sound they would know that something is there. The diegetic sound which is the the rain, thunder and lightning is purposely made for this short film to give that thriller look. The narrative to this is that the little girl could see her and it will become a chase then the doll will attack her.
Shot Eight
In this shot the audience can hear the sound of the doll speaking, this sound is diegetic because the audience and the character can hear it. The voice sounded like a demon voice telling the girl to come out and play. The effects this has on the audience is that it creates tension, suspense and mystery because they don't know what will happen to the girl which shows a thriller genre, however because of the fact it creates fear within the audience make it a horror genre. The camera is at a low angle/long shot to show that the girl is under her bed and the doll is on the bed which shows that the doll has more power over the girl in her own room. Also there is a sound of a heart beat that is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear it. The heart beat represents the girl's heart showing she is frightened. The characters facial expression as the demon talks isn't shocked at the fact the doll is talking, reason to this is that this isn't the first time the doll has spoke, therefore this shows the audience that the doll had been invading the girl's privacy for a long time. The lighting is still grey and dark, however on the right hand side there is light which represents hope from above but the killer is above as well. The narrative to this is that the girl will come out from under her bed and the doll will attack her or possess her or the demon that is inside of the doll will go into the little girl.
Shot Nine
This shot is an extreme close up to see the girl's facial expression with a lot of detail to show that she is frightened because you can see the fear in the characters eyes. It also uses shot/reverse shot with the girl and the doll however it uses it repeatedly and a rapidly to build tension towards the audience. The sound the audience can hear is the bed hitting the wall slightly and the audience can see the girl shaking this can infer that the demon that is in the doll is transferring itself into the girl through her eyes in her room because the audience can also hear the doll chanting, that's why the camera switches from the girls eyes to the dolls lips. This shows that it is a horror genre. As a non-diegetic sound being the heart beat; the audience can still hear it as the attack/exorcism is happening. The editing on the lighting is every time a lightning struck the camera shot would change rapidly to create suspense. The narrative to this is that the girl will become a demon and kill her dad.
Shot Ten
This shot is a mid shot and the its showing that the character is confused by his facial expressions and his body language. The editing of the lighting is dark because something bad has happened, as you can see that in the door way there is a gold colour to show hope that colour is thinner then the shot the audience saw before which shows that there is less hope for the dad than there was for the girl because the atmosphere was the girl's room, this shows that this is a horror. The sound of panicking and screaming and heart beats have gone because no one is being attacked right now, all you can here is the thunder and lightning as the audeience heard as diegetic in the beginning of the short film. Therefore this shows the audience that it's his turn to die. The narrative to this is that the dad will see the demon and get killed.
Shot Eleven
This shot is at a high angle to show that the girl on the bed in the girl's room is vulnerable and fragile because the demon has come out of her. The editing of the colour of her dress is white because she is now pure and innocent, however the lighting around her is still dark and grey/black which tells the audience that the demon/evil is still in the room, this shows that it's a horror. The sound is a 'bom' sound which is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear it and the characters can't, This reason for this sound is because as the camera changes to the girl on the bed it showing the audience that the girl on the bed isn't the man's daughter therefore it leaves a mystery because the audience don't know what happened to the girl. The narrative to this is that the daughter is possessed and she will kill the dad and become another little girls doll.
Shot Twelve
This shot is a mid shot and its showing that she is going to kill the day because of her body language and the fact she has a knife in her hand. The sound; which is non-diegetic because only the audience can hear it; becomes louder and the thunder becomes louder as the camera changes to the killer to show the audience that's his daughter and she is possessed. The sound proves that the short film is a horror. The colour of her dress is still white because underneath, inside there is still a girl full of purity. The lighting is dark in her room because the demon is in there and the lightening struck because the demon is going to struck an attack. The narrative to this is that the dad will get killed and the demon will move on to another family and do the same thing.
Shot thirteen and fourteen
This shot is a shot reverse shot to show that two people are having a conversation in this case the dad and his daughter is having a conversation and it is using shot reverse shot to show this. Whilst their doing this they are not breaking the 180 degree rule therefore they are using single cameras because if they were using multi cameras the cameras would get in the shot and they would have broken the 180 degree rule because they would have crossed the line of action.
Shot fifteen
This shot is match on action because the audience see him banging on the door outside the room therefore the camera is outside of them room as well then the camera switches to being inside the room as he character walks in therefore it looks more fluent and in time.
Shot sixteen
This shot as variety of jump cuts. The reason of this is to show the audience that the character is feeling un steady and becoming agitated because his daughter isn't getting the treatment she should and because he thinks she has a mental illness. You see this happening at 2:48.
Shot seventeen
In these shots there is shot to shot cutting to them in a quick pace as the doll is killing the little girl. The reason why the pace increases is to create intensity and suspense because an attack is happening. In this scene you will see this happening at 4:27.
This short film is closed ended narrative because it has a tight reading and the audience can follow the story easily. Also it has a fixed ending therefore you know when it finishes because it has a beginning, middle and ending which means it's linear. It uses continuity because it uses shot reverse shot, the 180 degree rule and match on action to tell the story. We use continuity to add dramatic effects and to add to realism to hide the fact it's been edited. This is a single drama because it's only shown once and gives examples of realism. Short horror/thriller films are single drams because they all base on real life situations. Short horror/thriller films mainly use closed ending because it has as lot non-diegetic sound that the audience can hear but the characters can't and it uses a lot of continuity ellipsis by time and also because the have an end to it. Another reason why short horror/thriller films are always single drama is because the always focus on one character.
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